Spirulina industry has broad prospects and development situation is gratifying

On June 15, 2021, the "China Inner Mongolia Spirulina Industry Development Summit Forum" seminar was held in Etuoke Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia. Spirulina experts, professors, and business representatives from all over the country gave theme reports. The participating experts had a lively discussion. This forum is the first forum for the development of my country's spirulina industry in 20 years, and it has played a huge role in promoting the healthy development of my country's spirulina industry.

Spirulina product nutrition application value mining potential is huge. Relying on geographical advantages, Etuoke Banner has the world's best spirulina resources, and has the first spirulina special testing and research and development institution with strong technical force, advanced equipment and complete functions in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It has a spirulina park with production scale and processing capacity that ranks first in the world, which is the construction of Inner Mongoliathe country's important agricultural and livestock products production and processing base.

seminar, the experts made a high-level construction and used the top-level design ideas to set the rudder for the healthy development of local spirulina. The insights of the experts have provided us with a feast of gluttonous food. The author was fortunate to participate in this seminar. In order to document the important results of this seminar, the author recently selected a special report on the "China Inner Mongolia Spirulina Industry Development Summit Forum" from the experts' reports.

the most exquisite human potential food-spirulina

Miaojian people

Former Director of Jiangxi Institute of Science and Technology Information

Spirulina (Spirulina) is a kind of deep blue filamentous microalgae, which can be seen clearly under a low power microscope, composed of multicellular single row of fine spiral algae. In terms of biological classification, Spirulina belongs to Cyanobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Segmentosomes, Oscillataceae and Spirulina. There are also many experts in the world who call cyanobacteria (Cyanobacterium); Some people also call it "earthworm algae" because it looks like a dragon ". This wonderful lower creature is a form of life between animals and plants. It is said that it is an animal. It is just like a super plant. It can carry out photosynthesis more than 10 times higher than the photosynthetic efficiency of conventional crops with its abundant chlorophyll a. It is said that it is a plant. Each algal filament likes to free independently and slightly twist and bend in its culture solution. Moreover, the more artificial methods promote its movement, the faster its growth and reproduction. What is even more amazing is that the best growth environment temperature of spirulina is close to human body temperature, and its long-lasting genetic genome happens to be the key to all the nutrients that nature provides to people on earth.

cyanobacterium Spirulina first appeared on Earth as a "green organism" and multiplied in large numbers for at least 3.6 billion years. In the mid-1970s, scientists discovered some very ancient microfossils during an investigation in the Pilbara region of northern Australia. After textual research, these fossils are the remains of a group of cyanobacteria. Experts confirm that this is the remains of the earliest ancestor of today's spirulina, which has been in the age of at least 3.5 billion years. This discovery has greatly expanded our knowledge of the origin of the earliest life on Earth. In July 1993, at the International Symposium on the Origin of Life held in Barcelona, Spain, 450 scientists all held a tendentious view that the earliest green primitive life on earth was a kind of cyanobacteria that could self-replicate and reproduce asexually. Since the discovery of spirulina in the early 1960 s, it has been identified as the earliest biological organism on earth after many scientists have studied and verified. Perhaps this is also the first green life to be formed by DNA and RNA replication and reproduction.

in 1960, when a scientific expedition organized by Belgium went deep into the Sahara Desert of Africa and came to the shores of Lake Chad, they found that in such a dry and hot place, there was a strong tribe of Canub. They saw the local people in the monsoon, from the lake to catch the blue "algae flower", was placed on the sand to dry, and then kneaded into peanut powder, made into delicious "dihe' (dihe') as a staple food. Some families make more and even take it to the market to trade. For centuries, the inhabitants of the lakeside region of Chad in Africa have used this as food. A botanist named J. Leonard who accompanied the team took samples from the lake and brought them back to Europe. The samples were cultivated and analyzed by Dr. G. Clement of the French National Petroleum Institute in the laboratory. She (he) was surprised to find: There is such a magical creature in the world, its protein content is as high as 65%, and its amino acid composition is very orderly and reasonable, almost including all kinds of essential amino acids needed by the human body. What is even more amazing is that spirulina is rich in vitamins, polysaccharides, unsaturated fats and mineral elements, which is like a "super nutrition package" that nature has long prepared for human beings ". Once this discovery was reported, it immediately aroused the widespread interest and development enthusiasm of the world's microalgae bioscientists and biotechnology developers. The food inspection and analysis of some international authoritative organizations have unanimously proved that the crude protein content of spirulina is as high as 68-72%, and its amino acid composition is basically in line with the nutritional standards recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Moreover, spirulina and chlorella (Chlorella), Scenedesmus (Scenedesmus) are significantly different: they form very little cellulose in the cell wall structure and can be directly digested and absorbed by humans and animals without complicated processing. In 1974, the United Nations World Food Conference officially announced that spirulina is the best food of the future. Since this meeting, scientists have further studied and found that spirulina has a very broad development prospect in the development and utilization of medicine, food and important organic chemical products.

Miao Jianren biotechnology researcher, former director of Jiangxi Institute of Science and Technology Information. Since 1982, he has been engaged in the research and development of spirulina. The former Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries is the main person in charge of the Spirulina Research and Development Project, and the national "Seventh Five-Year Plan-Spirulina Protein Resources Development and Utilization" 02-05 sub-project. Beijing "Science Press" published the "Spirulina Biotechnology Manual".

three years of difficult period "substitute food movement"

Chen Tingwei

Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Academician of Agricultural Sciences of China

the three-year famine from 1959 to 1961, people will never forget it. However, during the famine, the food substitute movement launched by the state to first aid hunger gradually faded out of our memory. As a scientific researcher of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, it was first suggested to use microorganisms such as rapidly reproducing Chlorella as a substitute for food to supplement protein sources. In that special era, this proposal was adopted by the Party Central Committee and the State Council and quickly promoted throughout the country. In November 1960, the Central Committee issued the "Emergency Notice of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Immediately Launching a Large-scale Collection and Manufacture of Food Generation Campaign." So far, the food generation campaign launched by the central government has been carried out throughout the country.

compared with 1960, the number of abnormal deaths in our population dropped by more than 700 million in 1961, and then returned to normal. Among them, there is the role of the substitute food movement. It is conservatively estimated that substitute food has reduced the edema disease and death of millions of people in the disaster relief.

"the past is not forgotten, the teacher of the future". Today, our country has basically solved the problem of food and clothing, but we are prepared for danger in times of peace. In the event of a major famine, a large country with a 1.3 billion population like ours cannot rely on imported food to cope with the shortage. We should learn from the experience and lessons of the great famine 50 years ago, formulate emergency plans to prevent and deal with the great famine, and establish a seed bank of crops that can be harvested quickly, in addition to the traditional measures to prevent famine, especially in scientific research institutions to store microbial strains and algae that can quickly produce food substitutes, and to establish a resource bank of edible insects and other biological species. It seems useless to reserve these emergency species resources in advance. In case of famine, the people can quickly obtain food and substitute food, and they can save the people from water and fire.

Chen Tingwei, male, born in May 1929, from Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province; researcher, Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; graduated from the Department of Soil Agrochemistry, Beijing Agricultural University in 1954, associate doctoral student in soil microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University in 1956-1958; now a researcher at the Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Academician of Chinese Agricultural Sciences, and a former professor in the Graduate School of our college; director of Chinese Society of Microbiology, Vice Chairman of Agricultural Microbiology Committee, Vice Chairman of Beijing Soil Society, Executive Director of Beijing Society of Microbiology, Editorial Board of Biology Volume Microbiology of Encyclopedia of China.

Erdos Plateau Alkali Lake--China

Qiao Chen, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University

is a part of the Inner Mongolia Plateau. It is located in the southwest of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is adjacent to the Loess Plateau in the south. It is surrounded by the Yellow River in the west, north and east. Most of the administrative divisions belong to Ordos City. Ordos, an ancient and magical land, has now become a part of the Golden Triangle of rapid economic development in the western part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and it is also a well-known tourist attraction.

Ordos Plateau is a typical temperate continental arid and semi-arid climate zone. The region has four distinct seasons, cold in winter and warm in summer. The daily and annual temperature range is large, with an annual average temperature of 6.4 ℃. Solar energy is abundant, the annual sunshine is 2887.5~3186.3 hours, the sunshine percentage is about 68.5, and the average annual solar radiation is 5730.47~5996.96 MJ/m2.

Ordos Plateau is located in the world's salt lake belt, where the salt lake is mainly alkali lake, and its sediments are mainly natural alkali. The distribution range of alkali lake accounts for about 2/3 of the total area of Ordos Plateau, which is the largest and densest natural alkali lake distribution area in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Due to the high content of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in natural alkali, the area around the alkali lake is white on sunny days, which is very dazzling under the sunlight. Therefore, the local Mongolian ancestors called the alkali lake "Chahannaoer", "Chahan" in Mongolian means white, and "Nur" means lake, which together is a white lake.

In 1996, the Spirulina Research Group of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University undertook the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" research project "Research on Comprehensive Utilization and Industrialization of Spirulina in Inner Mongolia Sandy Areas". In that year, the members of the research group went to the Kubuqi Desert in the Ordos Plateau and the saline lake in the Mu Us Sandy Land for field visits. In the meantime, at the end of October in Bayannaoer Alkaline Lake, Wushen Banner, it was found that a thick layer of blue-green spirulina bloom was floating in the brine storage pool where the local alkali factory used the lake water to produce sunburned alkali (it refers to the thick water color caused by the proliferation of spirulina and formed a layer of blue-green and fishy floating foam on the water surface). This is the first discovery of Spirulina platensis bloom in China. It was almost pure Spirulina under the microscope, and was later identified as Spirulina platensis by Professor Zeng Zhaoqi, an algae expert at Nanjing University.

Subsequently, the research team successively found the Spirulina platensis in the neighboring alkali lakes such as Chahannaoer Lake. This is the second distribution area of Spirulina platensis in the world except Chad Lake and its adjacent lakes in Africa. It is generally believed that Spirulina is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, but a new strain of Spirulina platensis in China has been found in an alkali lake near 40 ° north latitude. This is not only a major discovery in the study of Spirulina, but also fills the gap in the algae species required by the Spirulina industry in China. Before 2001, the algae species used in the spirulina industry in China were introduced species and high temperature strains. In order to expand the geographical scope of spirulina culture, so that its breeding scope in China from south to north of the appropriate development, but also for the southern spirulina factory in winter can also be cultured, people through mutation breeding, hoping to get low temperature resistant algae species. Now the native Spirulina platensis has been found in the alkaline lake of the Ordos Plateau, which has been studied as a medium and low temperature strain; pilot and large-scale breeding proves that it can not only be used as a breeding algae species, but also make people's desire to get medium and low temperature algae species into reality.

years, members of the research team have conducted field visits in the vast sandy areas of the Ordos Plateau and have traveled to more than a dozen alkali lakes, of which spirulina has only been found in eight alkali lakes, including Bayannaoer.

the alkali lake in the Ordos Plateau, has been thriving here for many years. No one cares about it. It is an uncultivated virgin land. Before getting involved, spirulina was a blind spot for the members of the spirulina research group of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, so the initial research experienced a difficult period. What is gratifying is that the research team finally lifted the tip of the iceberg of the mysterious veil of spirulina that appeared on the earth 3.5 billion years ago and "slept" in the alkali lake of the Ordos Plateau for several years. Today, at least five species of spirulina have been found in the alkaline lakes of the Ordos Plateau, which not only enriches the germplasm resources of spirulina in China, especially the discovery of medium and low temperature strains of spirulina platensis, but also ends the history of the use of exotic algae species in the spirulina industry and provides medium and low temperature algae species for the industry. Spirulina germplasm resources in the Ordos Plateau so concentrated distribution, here really worthy of the hometown of Chinese spirulina.

Qiao Chen: Professor, Master Director. He has been engaged in the teaching and scientific research of plant physiology and biochemistry in Inner Mongolia Agricultural University. In 1996, we began to study Spirulina in the alkaline lake of the Ordos Plateau, and we are one of the discoverers of Spirulina in the alkaline lake of the Ordos Plateau. Research on spirulina, presided over 2 National Natural Science Foundation projects, 5 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and municipal projects, and participated in 6 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region-level projects. In March 2010, preparations for the construction of the Spirulina Engineering Technology Research Center began. In May 2011, the center was officially rated as the "Spirulina Engineering Technology Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region" by the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Department and awarded a plaque.

published books: (1) Editor-in-chief of "Spirulina in the Alkaline Lake of the Ordos Plateau", Science Press, 2013; (2) Participated in the editor of "Chahannaoer Spirulina-Perfect Nutrition Messenger", China Agriculture Press, 2009.

Awards: 1 Inner Mongolia Natural Science Progress Award 1 (1997);⑵ State Forestry Administration Science and Technology Progress Award 1 (1998);⑶ Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Higher Education Teaching Achievement Award 1 (2000).

Blue can be expected-the post-epidemic era of phycocyanin to help immune food new benchmark.

Yan Sirui, Hu Ruiping, Yuan Hong, Ma Chunli, Huoda, Zhang Jingnan, Zhang Junfeng

is an ancient creature born 3.5 billion years ago. It is an early creature that uses sunlight to release oxygen to breed life on earth. It is also a natural food. Spirulina is the most nutritious, comprehensive, and balanced high-absorption food among all natural substances currently known to humans. The the People's Republic of China Ministry of Health and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) certify that spirulina is completely non-toxic and side effects. Safe health products. It has been hailed by the World Health Organization as "the container of life nutrition" and "the most ideal food in the 21st century". The cell wall of spirulina is very thin, only 40-60mm thick, composed of peptide glucan, easily degraded, digestion and absorption rate of 95%. Spirulina is also the only approved health food with five functions of immune regulation, anti-fatigue, blood lipid regulation, hypoxia tolerance and tumor inhibition. Spirulina can efficiently absorb CO2, play the role of carbon emission reduction and carbon neutrality, and culture is convenient, contains a variety of bioactive substances, as a new food and drug resources, is the focus of current microalgae research.

Spirulina is rich in protein, rich in 18 kinds of essential amino acids, its protein content is as high as 60-70%, which is more nutritious than the general concept of food, and several times higher than soybeans, beef, eggs, etc. (The protein content in spirulina is 1.5 times that of soybeans, 10 times that of rice, 4 times that of pork, 3 times that of beef, 3.7 times that of chicken, 5 times that of eggs, 3 times that of fish, and 2.4 times that of cheese.) Among them, phycocyanin, as a rare natural blue pigment, has important application value in food, medicine, cosmetics and other fields; phycocyanin has unique color, rich nutrition, antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and other physiological functions, with broad prospects for development and application; phycocyanin, as a natural protein, plays a significant role in enhancing immunity, improving anemia and inhibiting cancer cells, worthy of the name of "food diamond.

Hu Ruiping, third-level professor of biochemistry and molecular biology, doctor's degree, master's degree, dean of nursing school of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Vice Chairman of Inner Mongolia Immunology Society, Vice Chairman of Inner Mongolia Bioengineering Society, Executive Director of Chinese Medicine Branch of Chinese Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. A famous teacher of Inner Mongolia Medical University, the person in charge of the autonomous region-level biomedical experimental teaching demonstration center, the autonomous region-level "Biochemistry" online open course, and the autonomous region-level "Molecular Biology" first-class course.

and Its Application

Du Ling

Inner Mongolia Normal University

Spirulina is a kind of phytoplankton, which belongs to Cyanophyta (Cyanophyta), Cyanophyta (Cyanophyceae), Segmental (Hormogonales), Oscillataceae (Oscillatoniaceae), Spirulina (Spirulina). It is mainly distributed in freshwater or saline alkaline lakes in tropical and subtropical areas. Spirulina usually refers to Spirulina platensis (Spirulina platensis) and Spirulina maxima (Spirulina), with filamentous spiral shape, easily distinguished from other microalgae, generally multi-cellular, cylindrical; algae for blue-green, yellow-green or purple-red. The optimum survival pH value is 7.2~9.0, the optimum salinity is 20g/L ~ 70g/L, and the suitable culture temperature is 25~40 ℃. Under natural conditions, it is distributed all over the world, such as Texcoco Lake in Mexico, Chard Lake in Africa, and alkali lakes in Ordos Plateau in China: Bayannaoer, Chahannaoer, Haole Baoji Nur, Dakpo Lake, Wudu Nao, Sharibu Ridu Yinnaoer, etc.

1967, Dr. Kleiman of France published a report on "New types of Food Algae" at the Seventh International Petroleum Conference, which comprehensively introduced the nutritional value, culture methods, harvesting and drying techniques of spirulina for the first time. In the same year, the world's first spirulina cultivation plant began to invest in the banks of Lake Texcoco in Mexico, and was completed and put into production in 1973. Because its development does not occupy farmland, and can rationally use land resources, and spirulina contains extremely rich nutrients and physiologically active substances, it has gradually received great attention from relevant parties at home and abroad, and has become a new type of development and utilization in many countries., One of the most promising microalgae is called "the best health product and ideal food for mankind in the 21st century" by WHO and FAO ".

China's research on spirulina started late. 1986 Spirulina research included in the national "seven five" scientific and technological projects. In 1989, Professor Hu Hongjun built the first pilot base of spirulina cultivation in China with an area of 3000 m2, with an annual output of 5 tons of spirulina dry powder. After 1990, there was an upsurge of spirulina research and development. By the end of 1995, there were more than 80 factories in China, with an annual output of about 800 tons of spirulina dry powder, accounting for 1/4 of the world's output. Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) in alkaline lake of Ordos plateau is a new domestic record species discovered in alkaline lake of Ordos plateau at the end of October 1996 by a research group led by Professor Qiao Chen of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University. It is a new industrialized species in China after Spirulina platensis in Chad lake of Africa and Spirulina platensis in Texcoco lake of Mexico. Its origin is 39o north latitude, its survival temperature range is about -20~45 ℃, its growth temperature range is 6~40 ℃, and its optimum temperature is about 24 ℃. It belongs to low temperature resistant and wide temperature resistant algae species. In addition to low temperature resistance and wide temperature adaptation, this algae species also has the characteristics of resistance to high light inhibition and low respiration, and is a rare and excellent variety in production, it is also one of the low-temperature algae species that can be industrialized in my country. It not only enables my country to cultivate spirulina in high-altitude and high-latitude northern regions, but also ends the history of the use of foreign algae species in my country's spirulina industry. It is my country A significant event in the history of spirulina research.

Du Ling, female, Han, from Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, born in August 1977, member of the Communist Party of China, doctor, associate professor. He joined the work in July 2003 and is currently a full-time teacher in the School of Life Science and Technology of Inner Mongolia Normal University, mainly responsible for the teaching of biochemistry, protein engineering, enzyme engineering and nutrition. Since joining the work, he has been mainly engaged in the research on the resistance physiology, biochemistry and function of Spirulina. He is the deputy secretary-general of the Inner Mongolia Bioengineering Society and deputy director of the Science Popularization Professional Committee, a member of the Inner Mongolia Society of Cell Biology, a member of the Inner Mongolia Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and a member of the Third Committee of the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch of the Inner Mongolia Medical Association. Presided over the completion of 1 Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation project, participated in the completion of 5 National Natural Science Foundation projects and 7 provincial and ministerial projects. At present, he has participated in one research project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, one science and technology plan project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, guided one national college student innovation and entrepreneurship competition project, compiled and participated in the compilation of one academic monograph, and published many academic research papers.

Branding Inner Mongolia Etok Spirulina Industry into a New Era

Yang Jianchao

Etuoke Banner is located at 39 degrees north latitude. Its unique sunshine conditions and natural alkaline water source provide ideal natural conditions for spirulina growth. Since the discovery of wild pure top spirulina in Hama Taihu Lake, Etok Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2002, the Etok spirulina industry has developed rapidly. In just 20 years, Etok Spirulina has grown from "0" and has become the world's largest low-temperature spirulina production base in one fell swoop. The cultivation area and output of spirulina rank first in the country, and it has become a world-renowned "algae". capital ".

started later than other producing areas in the world, in the journey of building the "Algae Capital of the World", the reason why Etok Spirulina stands out and develops rapidly, in addition to natural conditions, it is more important that local governments and enterprises can Seize the opportunity and rely on the joint efforts of technology and standards to build a high-quality and characteristic development model of Spirulina in Inner Mongolia. Among them, in 2011, "Etuoke Banner Spirulina" implemented the registration and protection of geographical indications of agricultural products. In September 2014, Etuoke Banner Spirulina Industrial Park was declared as "Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Industrialization Demonstration Park", July 27, 2020, Etuoke Spirulina was selected into the second batch of protection list of geographical indications in China and Europe. Every milestone in the development of Etok Spirulina is the industry's affirmation of the quality of Etok Spirulina, which has shaped the popularity of Etok Spirulina in the world.

Etok Spirulina has reached the "peak algae pole" in terms of yield and quality ". In the new era, the banner will focus on the construction of Etok Spirulina species protection and breeding base, standardized production system and quality traceability system construction, brand promotion, intensive processing and intellectual property system construction, etc., to promote Etok Spirulina industry to high-quality development.

Among them, brand building is the prerequisite for the current Etok Spirulina to extend the industrial chain and maintain the vitality of development. First of all, the use of regional public brands to realize the standardization and standardization of regional spirulina production, to avoid the "bad money" effect in the development and expansion process, resulting in damage to the image of Etok spirulina; secondly, the use of brand cohesion, Promote the overall planning of the government and industry associations to promote production to achieve more low-carbon and environmentally friendly, and the products have high added value; again, through brand building, to achieve favorable protection of the Etok spirulina industry, especially in the expansion process of the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, the brand is the best intellectual property protection tool.

in the next ten years, brand building will contribute to the benign and substantial growth of the etok algae protein market, and algae proteins such as spirulina will press the "acceleration key" for the high-quality development of the industry ".

Yang Jianchao: from Yantai, Shandong, member of Jiusan Society, born in 1984, doctor, agronomist. Now I am working on the Institute of Smart Agriculture of Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Agricultural Science and Technology Commissioner, Deputy Secretary-General of Yantai Bioengineering Society, and Cooperative Tutor of Postgraduates of China Agricultural University. Engaged in blockchain agriculture, agricultural regional ecological planning, agricultural inputs and soil fertilizer research.

China's Spirulina Industry Aims at National Double Carbon Target: Seen in Micro, Dawn Begins

Spirulina(Arthrospira) Industry in China: Current Status and Prospects

to Wenzhou1, Ge Baosheng2, Qin Song3

XIANG Wenzhou1, GE Baosheng2, QIN Song3

(1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China; 2. School of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Biology and Bio-resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003)

(1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; 2. College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, 266580, China; 3. Key Laboratory of coastal biology and utilization of biological resources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China)

Spirulina (Spirulina) is one of the most important edible biological resources discovered by humans recently. Its protein content is high (crude protein content is as high as 60-72%), theoretical biomass production is higher than other crops, and it is rich in polysaccharides, pigments and other bioactive ingredients. It has a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, immune regulation, anti-aging, improving gastrointestinal function, and preventing anemia. Ministry of Health Announcement No. 17, 2004: Spirulina platensis (Arthrospiraplatensis) and Spirulina maxima (Arthrospiramaxima) can be used as ordinary food. Since the mid-1990s, my country has become the largest producer and seller of spirulina in the world, and its products have been more and more widely used in feed, food and health industries. Despite several twists and turns, its scientific name was officially revisedArthrospira(Arthronella), but due to its extremely high nutritional and health value and important academic influence, almost all commercial applications today follow the name "Spirulina", and academic research is still widely used.

so far, my country has formed a spirulina industry with a breeding area of nearly 9000 acres and a production capacity of about 10000 tons, and used it as raw materials to successively develop natural pigment phycocyanin, health medicine-grade phycocyanin, active polysaccharides, and hydrolyzed peptides And products such as α-glycerol glucoside mark the increasing maturity of its green precision manufacturing and comprehensive utilization technology. Since 2009, the Ordos region of Inner Mongolia has planned to build the Etuoke Banner Spirulina Industrial Park. After more than 10 years of development, the industrial park has become the world's largest spirulina breeding base, with a breeding scale of more than 4500 acres and an annual output of spirulina. About 4500 tons. Due to the low-cost carbon source, energy and breeding land in this area, as well as the resource advantages of low rainfall and sufficient sunshine throughout the year, simple plastic greenhouses are adopted to avoid the interference and damage of dust and low temperature to spirulina, which reduces the cost of food-grade algae powder to about 20 yuan/kg. Under the demonstration and guidance of the industrial park, the spirulina breeding and processing industry is radiating to other parts of Inner Mongolia and its neighboring northwest regions such as Gansu and Ningxia.

At present, China is facing a severe challenge to achieve the goal of "double carbon. Microalgae such as spirulina (microalgae for short) can efficiently fix carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and convert it into high value-added biomass, which is a very ideal carbon emission reduction organism. The Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and other institutions jointly released the "China Carbon Dioxide Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) Annual Report (2021)" in July 2021, in which microalgae are regarded as important CO2use of organisms is included in the report. The vast majority of enterprises in China's spirulina industry have established carbon emission reduction technologies to supplement gaseous carbon dioxide as an alternative carbon source. At the same time, a number of energy or petrochemical enterprises in China have established carbon dioxide and other industrial waste gas concentration and purification technology, which provides favorable conditions for the development of larger-scale, coupled carbon emission reduction (CCUS) spirulina culture.[6-7].

greatly increasing the industrial scale of spirulina is the priority development strategy for developing spirulina emission reduction technology. Spirulina Industrial Park in Etuoke Banner, Inner Mongolia provides an excellent reference model for implementing this strategy. In terms of technology, how to adapt measures to local conditions, use high-quality resources such as desert land, saline-alkali water and solar energy in Northwest my country, and be guided by the commercial utilization of spirulina and its products, optimize the cultivation method, increase the yield per unit area, and further reduce breeding The cost and carbon footprint of the processing process, deepen the green processing and comprehensive utilization of products, and expand the use and scope of spirulina biomass and its bulk products, in particular, expanding the application scale of spirulina in bulk products such as feed and food and large health fields is an inevitable choice and important strategy for the development of spirulina carbon emission reduction industry with commercial value in my country.

According to the latest news provided by the Microalgae Branch of the China Algae Industry Association, since 2021, many companies in my country have been facing my country's major needs such as carbon emission reduction and feed protein source inlet substitution. The preliminary project of spirulina breeding project, which is connected with large-scale power plants and agricultural wastewater and waste gas treatment, with a total area of nearly 30000 acres, has begun, therefore, it is possible for China to increase the production capacity of spirulina several times in the past 2-3 years. Some enterprises have also drawn up a blueprint for the next stage of development in which the scale of breeding far exceeds this plan. It can be seen that the development of ultra-large-scale breeding and processing bases in Northwest my country has made Spirulina an important contributor to my country's carbon peak and carbon neutrality. The dawn has begun to emerge, and the prospects for achieving this grand goal are promising. In addition, the completion of the ultra-large-scale spirulina industry is expected to subvert traditional agriculture as much as possible. For example, the development of microalgae-based edible alternative protein can not only effectively improve and improve the country's major strategic reserve capacity such as food and protein, but also further Strengthen the economic sustainability of spirulina carbon emission reduction technology.

Source: Network

Review: Xu Gang

Proofreading: Zhang Nan

Editor: Mo Ren